{ "kind": "node-detail-initial-slice", "version": "0.2.78", "generatedAt": "2026-10-02T19:25:44.323Z", "locale": "en", "route": "/en/practice/skills/loving-kindness/", "nodeId": "loving-kindness", "nodeType": "skill", "node": { "id": "loving-kindness", "type": "skill", "title": "Loving Kindness", "searchAliases": [ "Loving Kindness", "Liebende Güte" ], "evidenceContinuations": [ { "nodeId": "exercise-loving-kindness-worksheet", "relationId": "rel-290", "kind": "practice", "placement": "next", "moduleId": "mindfulness", "reason": "To try and reflect on the practice, use the worksheet to record whom your kind wishes were directed toward and what you noticed.", "priority": 1, "evidence": [ { "sourceId": "linehan-handouts-worksheets-446p", "locator": "Mindfulness Worksheet 6 / Handout 8", "path": "books/#06 Linehan_skills_handouts_worksheets (446p)/07_mindfulness/34_worksheet_06_loving-kindness-mindfulness-handout-8.md", "lineStart": 18, "lineEnd": 37, "sha256": "ef6ff0d0906cbaf66eee159ffb73494bbfb6d0e174535907368bd5124b6d24af" } ] } ], "description": "Compassion practice · Metta practice · Warm wishes practice", "priorityRank": 6, "priorityLabel": "Situationally important", "priorityDescription": "This node becomes especially important when shame describes the actual situation.", "cardPreview": "If you want to practice active, warm affection instead of just distance from yourself or others.", "purpose": "Cultivate an attitude of benevolent friendliness so that harshness, self- or other-devaluation, and emotional constriction are softened.", "applicationContext": "When inner severity, distance or defensiveness are so strong that more warmth and connection must be consciously built up.", "longDescription": { "text": "Loving-kindness is the practice of deliberately generating feelings of warmth, goodwill, and care — first toward oneself, then extending outward to others, including those who are neutral or difficult. 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"interpersonal" ], "moduleBridgeContexts": [ { "moduleId": "interpersonal", "contextText": "Strengthening compassion for oneself and others is the emotional foundation for validation, gentleness, and authentic interpersonal connection." } ], "relatedIds": [ "wise-mind", "mindfulness-of-others", "opposite-action", "spaciousness-and-stillness" ], "situations": [ "scham", "trauer-verlust", "beziehung-reparieren", "schuld", "liebe" ], "practiceNodeIds": [ "exercise-loving-kindness-worksheet" ], "comparisonTitle": "Loving Kindness vs. Self-Compassion", "comparisonBullets": [], "comparisonAxes": [], "comparisonNodeIds": [ "self-compassion" ], "comparisonDescription": "Distinguishes loving kindness as a deliberate practice of warmth and goodwill from self-compassion as a compassionate response to one’s own suffering.", "learningPathType": "cross-module-transfer", "learningPathTitle": "Explore and apply", "learningPathDescription": "These nodes deliberately lead into a second DBT module space 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It can be cultivated through practice: repeated experience of stopping, attending, and waiting for the integrated knowing to emerge.", "furtherReading": [ { "sourceId": "linehan-manual-529p", "chapter": 7, "section": "VII", "page": 168 } ] }, "sourceId": "linehan-manual-529p", "sourceLabel": "Linehan Manual", "sourceLocator": "Chapter 7", "sourceCategory": "Foundation-oriented", "sourceType": "Manual", "sourceTrustSignal": "Primary source-close", "sourceAuthorityWeight": "high", "sourcePracticeWeight": "medium", "sourceAudienceFit": "Professional", "sourceNote": "Linehan Manual · Chapter 7", "whenToUse": "When, before the next step, an inner orientation is needed that takes both feelings and reason seriously.", "whenToUseSource": "editorial", "situationsSource": "explicit", "skillComplexity": "core", "interventionMode": "acceptance", "evidenceLevel": "clinical_consensus", "module": "mindfulness", "secondaryModules": [ "distress-tolerance", "emotion-regulation", "interpersonal" ], "moduleBridgeContexts": [ { "moduleId": "distress-tolerance", "contextText": "In a crisis, Emotion Mind often takes over - Wise Mind is the corrective that supports the decision to intervene at all in crisis skills such as TIP or Radical Acceptance." }, { "moduleId": "emotion-regulation", "contextText": "Emotion regulation needs an inner observer that distinguishes between feeling and reacting - Wise Mind is that capacity." }, { "moduleId": "interpersonal", "contextText": "Effective interpersonal strategies require that Emotion Mind is not the one speaking - Wise Mind is the stance from which DEAR MAN and GIVE can work." } ], "relatedIds": [ "opposite-action", "mindfulness-of-others", "exposure-based-cognitive-rehearsal", "daily-practices-for-emotional-health", "daily-mindfulness-regimen", "doing-being-mind", "middle-path", "spaciousness-and-stillness" ], "situations": [ "innere-unruhe", "orientierung-verstehen", "akzeptanz-vs-veraenderung", "krise-akut", "schuld", "eifersucht", "neid", "ueberraschung", "liebe", "eskalation-verstehen", "albtraeume-belastende-naechte" ], "practiceNodeIds": [ "daily-mindfulness-regimen" ], "comparisonTitle": "Attitude and mindfulness practice", "comparisonBullets": [], "comparisonAxes": [], "comparisonNodeIds": [ "loving-kindness" ], "comparisonDescription": "Wise Mind integrates emotion and reason in finding inner direction. 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It is the interpersonal application of core mindfulness skills: observing what is actually present rather than what is expected or feared. Mindfulness of others includes noticing discrepancies between what someone says and how they say it, reading the room before pressing forward, and checking assumptions by asking rather than concluding. It also involves recognizing when another person needs space, time, or a different kind of engagement than what is being offered. Effective interpersonal behavior is built on accurate perception; mindfulness of others is how that accuracy is cultivated.", "furtherReading": [ { "sourceId": "linehan-manual-529p", "chapter": 8, "section": "VIII" } ] }, "sourceId": "linehan-handouts-worksheets-446p", "sourceLabel": "Linehan Worksheets", "sourceLocator": "Interpersonal Effectiveness Handout 12 / Worksheet 9", "sourceCategory": "Handout-oriented", "sourceType": "Worksheet", "sourceTrustSignal": "Worksheet-close", "sourceAuthorityWeight": "medium", "sourcePracticeWeight": "high", "sourceAudienceFit": "Mixed", "sourceNote": "Linehan Worksheets · Interpersonal Effectiveness Handout 12 / Worksheet 9", "whenToUse": "When contact requires a more conscious awareness of the other person before you react, judge or negotiate.", "whenToUseSource": "editorial", "situationsSource": "explicit", "skillComplexity": "supplemental", "interventionMode": "relational", "evidenceLevel": "clinical_consensus", "module": "interpersonal", "secondaryModules": [ "mindfulness", "emotion-regulation" ], "moduleBridgeContexts": [ { "moduleId": "mindfulness", "contextText": "Mindfulness of Others is directly applied mindfulness practice in interpersonal situations - it transfers the What Skills into the social field." } ], "relatedIds": [ "ending-relationships", "loving-kindness" ], "situations": [ "beziehung-reparieren", "konflikt", "invalidiert-nicht-verstanden", "zuhoeren-und-verstehen" ], "practiceNodeIds": [ "exercise-middle-path-calendar" ], "comparisonTitle": "Understanding and acting in conversation", "comparisonBullets": [], "comparisonAxes": [], "comparisonNodeIds": [ "validation", "wise-mind" ], "comparisonDescription": "Mindfulness of others concerns noticing their words, signals and perspectives. Validation addresses what makes their experience understandable. Wise Mind supports one’s own orientation by bringing emotion and reason together.", "learningPathType": "cross-module-transfer", "learningPathTitle": "Explore and apply", "learningPathDescription": "These nodes deliberately lead into a second DBT module space when the current content must be carried across modules.", "learningPathNodeIds": [ "exercise-middle-path-calendar", "wise-mind", "validation" ], "learningPathSteps": [ { "nodeId": "exercise-middle-path-calendar", "label": "Work through as an exercise now", "description": "This connection leads not only to a nearby concept but directly into a concrete exercise or worksheet.", "pathType": "cross-module-transfer" }, { "nodeId": "wise-mind", "label": "Move directly into application", "description": "This connection leads from conceptual knowledge into a more concrete practical application.", "pathType": "cross-module-transfer" }, { "nodeId": "validation", "label": "Move directly into application", "description": "This connection leads from conceptual knowledge into a more concrete practical application.", "pathType": "cross-module-transfer" } ], "situationLinks": [ { "situationId": "zuhoeren-und-verstehen", "label": "Listen and really understand", "entryType": "interpersonal", "pathSegment": "situations", "relationRole": "orient", "fit": "primary", "strength": 0.88, "isPreferred": true }, { "situationId": "beziehung-reparieren", "label": "Repair a Relationship", "entryType": "interpersonal", "pathSegment": "situations", "relationRole": "orient", "fit": "secondary", "strength": 0.76, "isPreferred": true }, { "situationId": "invalidiert-nicht-verstanden", "label": "Invalidated or not understood", "entryType": "interpersonal", "pathSegment": "situations", "relationRole": "orient", "fit": "secondary", "strength": 0.74, "isPreferred": true }, { "situationId": "konflikt", "label": "Conflict with Others", "entryType": "interpersonal", "pathSegment": "situations", "relationRole": "apply", "fit": "secondary", "strength": 0, "isPreferred": true } ] }, { "id": "opposite-action", "type": "skill", "title": "Opposite Action", "searchAliases": [ "Opposite Action", "Entgegengesetztes Handeln" ], "description": "Changing emotional responses · Opposite behavior change · Action urge reversal", "priorityRank": 4, "priorityLabel": "Helpful early", "priorityDescription": "This node fits early in the path when fear or panic or strong emotional activation are in the foreground.", "cardPreview": "When the emotional impulse takes you deeper into the problem instead of out.", "purpose": "Targetedly undermining an inappropriate or ineffective emotional action tendency through counter-directed behavior so that the emotion and direction of action can change.", "applicationContext": "When an emotion or its impulse to act does not fit the facts or is useless for the current goal, such as avoidance, withdrawal, attack or hiding.", "longDescription": { "text": "Opposite action is the skill of deliberately acting counter to the behavioral urge that an emotion generates — and doing so all the way, not halfway. Every emotion produces an action urge: fear urges avoidance; shame urges hiding; anger urges attack; sadness urges withdrawal. These urges are adaptive in some contexts and harmful in others. When an emotion does not fit the facts of a situation, or when acting on it would make things worse, acting opposite to the urge repeatedly changes the emotion itself. This is not suppression — it is behavioral change that feeds back into the emotional system. The most effective treatments for depression, anxiety, and anger all work through this mechanism. Opposite action must be done fully: approaching what is feared, not just tolerating it from a distance.", "furtherReading": [ { "sourceId": "linehan-manual-529p", "chapter": 9, "section": "XIV", "page": 362 } ] }, "sourceId": "linehan-manual-529p", "sourceLabel": "Linehan Manual", "sourceLocator": "Chapter 9, Section 10", "sourceCategory": "Foundation-oriented", "sourceType": "Manual", "sourceTrustSignal": "Primary source-close", "sourceAuthorityWeight": "high", "sourcePracticeWeight": "medium", "sourceAudienceFit": "Professional", "sourceNote": "Linehan Manual · Chapter 9, Section 10", "whenToUse": "If Check the Facts speaks against the emotional reaction direction and the situation itself does not need to be changed primarily.", "whenToUseSource": "editorial", "situationsSource": "explicit", "skillComplexity": "core", "interventionMode": "behavioral", "evidenceLevel": "clinical_consensus", "module": "emotion-regulation", "secondaryModules": [ "distress-tolerance" ], "moduleBridgeContexts": [ { "moduleId": "distress-tolerance", "contextText": "When an emotion or its action urge is driving the crisis, acting opposite is the most direct interruption - Opposite Action is crisis intervention through behavior change." } ], "relatedIds": [ "emotions-model", "emotion-exposure", "contingency-management", "exposure-based-cognitive-rehearsal", "loving-kindness", "recognizing-emotions", "emotion-functions" ], "situations": [ "wut-aerger", "scham", "trauer-verlust", "angst-panik", "ekel", "eifersucht" ], "practiceNodeIds": [ "exercise-opposite-action-worksheet", "exercise-figuring-out-how-to-change-unwanted-emotions" ], "comparisonTitle": "Check the Facts vs. Opposite Action vs. Problem Solving", "comparisonBullets": [], "comparisonAxes": [ { "label": "Primary question", "current": "Which action would deliberately go against my current emotional direction?", "candidates": { "check-the-facts": "Does my appraisal actually fit the situation?", "problem-solving": 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"These nodes are the next meaningful continuation when you want to move on from the current concept.", "learningPathNodeIds": [ "emotions-model", "exercise-opposite-action-worksheet", "exercise-figuring-out-how-to-change-unwanted-emotions" ], "learningPathSteps": [ { "nodeId": "emotions-model", "label": "Deepen the frame of reference", "description": "This connection expands the conceptual frame so the current topic does not remain isolated.", "pathType": "knowledge-to-application" }, { "nodeId": "exercise-opposite-action-worksheet", "label": "Work through as an exercise now", "description": "This connection leads not only to a nearby concept but directly into a concrete exercise or worksheet.", "pathType": "knowledge-to-application" }, { "nodeId": "exercise-figuring-out-how-to-change-unwanted-emotions", "label": "Work through as an exercise now", "description": "This connection leads not only to a nearby concept but directly into a concrete exercise or worksheet.", "pathType": 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"isPreferred": true }, { "situationId": "angst-panik", "label": "Fear or panic", "entryType": "emotion", "pathSegment": "emotionen", "relationRole": "apply", "fit": "secondary", "strength": 0, "isPreferred": true } ] }, { "id": "spaciousness-and-stillness", "type": "protocol", "title": "Spaciousness and Stillness", "searchAliases": [ "Spaciousness and Stillness", "Weite und Stille" ], "description": "Mindfulness expansion · Spaciousness and stillness · Spacious awareness practice", "priorityRank": 3, "priorityLabel": "Helpful early", "priorityDescription": "This node fits early in the path when inner restlessness or strong emotional activation are in the foreground.", "cardPreview": "When inner space and calm have to be cultivated instead of further mental condensation.", "purpose": "Cultivate inner space and calm so that mental narrowness, inner drive or emotional condensation lose their intensity.", "applicationContext": "When overfocusing, inner narrowness or constant activation make it difficult to remain open, collected or still in the moment.", "longDescription": { "text": "Spaciousness and Stillness is a mindfulness practice drawn from contemplative traditions that cultivates a quality of open, uncluttered awareness — a sense of the mind as a vast container rather than a cluttered space. Rather than narrowing attention onto a specific object, it widens attention to include the field of experience itself: sounds, sensations, thoughts, arising and passing without the practitioner being caught in any of them. The practice is related to but distinct from One-Mindfulness: where One-Mindfulness focuses on one thing at a time, Spaciousness holds the whole without fixation on any particular element. 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Resistance ('I don't deserve this') is itself useful information, not a reason to stop.", "furtherReading": [ { "sourceId": "linehan-manual-529p", "chapter": 7, "section": "XI" } ] }, "sourceId": "teaching-notes-module-1-89p", "sourceLabel": "Teaching Notes", "sourceLocator": "Mindfulness Worksheet 6 / Handout 8", "sourceCategory": "Handout-oriented", "sourceType": "Teaching Notes", "sourceTrustSignal": "Handout-close", "sourceAuthorityWeight": "medium", "sourcePracticeWeight": "high", "sourceAudienceFit": "Mixed", "sourceNote": "Teaching Notes · Mindfulness Worksheet 6 / Handout 8", "whenToUse": "If Loving Kindness is not only to be understood, but also to be practiced as a repeatable practice for specific people and situations.", "whenToUseSource": "editorial", "situationsSource": "explicit", "skillComplexity": "extended", "interventionMode": "behavioral", "evidenceLevel": "practice_derived", "module": "mindfulness", "secondaryModules": [ "emotion-regulation", "interpersonal" ], "moduleBridgeContexts": [ { "moduleId": "emotion-regulation", "contextText": "Loving Kindness reduces self-criticism and shame - the worksheet is applied emotion regulation through a cultivated stance of compassion." }, { "moduleId": "interpersonal", "contextText": "Practicing compassion for others directly changes relationship quality - the worksheet is interpersonal practice in the form of a mindfulness exercise." } ], "relatedIds": [ "loving-kindness", "self-compassion", "other-compassion" ], "situations": [ "beziehung-reparieren", "wut-aerger" ], "learningPathType": "cross-module-transfer", "learningPathTitle": "Explore and apply", "learningPathDescription": "These nodes deliberately lead into a second DBT module space when the current content must be carried across modules.", "learningPathNodeIds": [ "other-compassion", "loving-kindness", "self-compassion" ], "learningPathSteps": [ { "nodeId": "other-compassion", "label": "Clarify the guiding idea", "description": "This connection reveals the underlying stance or logic that supports the application.", "pathType": "cross-module-transfer" }, { "nodeId": "loving-kindness", "label": "Move directly into application", "description": "This connection leads from conceptual knowledge into a more concrete practical application.", "pathType": "cross-module-transfer" }, { "nodeId": "self-compassion", "label": "Clarify the guiding idea", "description": "This connection reveals the underlying stance or logic that supports the application.", "pathType": "cross-module-transfer" } ], "situationLinks": [ { "situationId": "beziehung-reparieren", "label": "Repair a Relationship", "entryType": "interpersonal", "pathSegment": "situations", "relationRole": "apply", "fit": "primary", "strength": 0.8, "isPreferred": true }, { "situationId": "wut-aerger", "label": "Anger or Irritation", "entryType": "emotion", "pathSegment": "emotionen", "relationRole": "apply", "fit": "secondary", "strength": 0.7, "isPreferred": true } ] }, { "id": "wise-mind", "type": "skill", "title": "Wise Mind", "searchAliases": [ "Wise Mind", "Weiser Verstand" ], "description": "Mindfulness core · Integrative orientation · Integrative self-guidance", "priorityRank": 1, "priorityLabel": "Urgent first", "priorityDescription": "This node sits close to acute crisis and should be read more as an early step than as later deepening.", "cardPreview": "When mind and feeling must be brought together before you move on.", "purpose": "Bring emotional knowledge and rational classification together so that decisions do not arise solely from emotional pressure or only from distant control.", "applicationContext": "When inner conflicts, excessive demands or contradictory impulses lead to either pure feeling or pure control dominating actions.", "longDescription": { "text": "Wise Mind is the synthesis of emotion mind and reasonable mind — a state of knowing that integrates emotion and reason rather than alternating between them. Emotion mind is controlled by moods and urges; reasonable mind by facts and logic. Wise Mind is neither: it is the experience of inner knowing that transcends both. Everyone has Wise Mind, though not everyone can access it reliably. It is sometimes experienced as a particular place in the body — a sense of quiet certainty, of knowing something to be true from the inside rather than being convinced from the outside. Finding Wise Mind requires letting go of both the urgency of emotion and the sterility of pure logic, and learning to recognize the integrated sense of rightness that comes when both are held together. It can be cultivated through practice: repeated experience of stopping, attending, and waiting for the integrated knowing to emerge.", "furtherReading": [ { "sourceId": "linehan-manual-529p", "chapter": 7, "section": "VII", "page": 168 } ] }, "sourceId": "linehan-manual-529p", "sourceLabel": "Linehan Manual", "sourceLocator": "Chapter 7", "sourceCategory": "Foundation-oriented", "sourceType": "Manual", "sourceTrustSignal": "Primary source-close", "sourceAuthorityWeight": "high", "sourcePracticeWeight": "medium", "sourceAudienceFit": "Professional", "sourceNote": "Linehan Manual · Chapter 7", "whenToUse": "When, before the next step, an inner orientation is needed that takes both feelings and reason seriously.", "whenToUseSource": "editorial", "situationsSource": "explicit", "skillComplexity": "core", "interventionMode": "acceptance", "evidenceLevel": "clinical_consensus", "module": "mindfulness", "secondaryModules": [ "distress-tolerance", "emotion-regulation", "interpersonal" ], "moduleBridgeContexts": [ { "moduleId": "distress-tolerance", "contextText": "In a crisis, Emotion Mind often takes over - Wise Mind is the corrective that supports the decision to intervene at all in crisis skills such as TIP or Radical Acceptance." }, { "moduleId": "emotion-regulation", "contextText": "Emotion regulation needs an inner observer that distinguishes between feeling and reacting - Wise Mind is that capacity." }, { "moduleId": "interpersonal", "contextText": "Effective interpersonal strategies require that Emotion Mind is not the one speaking - Wise Mind is the stance from which DEAR MAN and GIVE can work." } ], "relatedIds": [ "opposite-action", "mindfulness-of-others", "exposure-based-cognitive-rehearsal", "daily-practices-for-emotional-health", "daily-mindfulness-regimen", "doing-being-mind", "middle-path", "spaciousness-and-stillness" ], "situations": [ "innere-unruhe", "orientierung-verstehen", "akzeptanz-vs-veraenderung", "krise-akut", "schuld", "eifersucht", "neid", "ueberraschung", "liebe", "eskalation-verstehen", "albtraeume-belastende-naechte" ], "practiceNodeIds": [ "daily-mindfulness-regimen" ], "comparisonTitle": "Attitude and mindfulness practice", "comparisonBullets": [], "comparisonAxes": [], "comparisonNodeIds": [ "loving-kindness" ], "comparisonDescription": "Wise Mind integrates emotion and reason in finding inner direction. 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The worksheet guides practice through four stages: directing warmth toward oneself, toward someone easy to love, toward a neutral person, and toward a difficult person. The stage most people find hardest — directing warmth toward oneself — is often the most clinically important. The practice does not require feeling warmth immediately; it begins with the intention and the words, and the feeling tends to follow with practice. 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Can be acutely very intense. Often lasts longer than other emotions because it is linked to self-image. Can escalate into shame spirals.", "longDescription": { "text": "Shame is clinically distinct from guilt: guilt focuses on behavior, shame on the self as fundamentally flawed. In DBT, shame is linked to the biosocial model — it often arises from sustained invalidation experiences that internalized the message of being broken. The relevant skill categories are emotion regulation (check-the-facts, opposite action to shame), self-compassion, and mindfulness. The critical difference from guilt: opposite action for guilt involves repair; opposite action for shame involves exposure and self-disclosure rather than concealment. The most common mistake is accepting the emotion's narrative rather than examining whether the appraisal is accurate. Shame frequently underlies dropout from therapy and should be addressed proactively." }, "preferredNodeIds": [], "conceptLinks": [ { "conceptId": "opposite-action", "relationRole": "apply" }, { "conceptId": "self-compassion", "relationRole": "entry" }, { "conceptId": "loving-kindness", "relationRole": "stabilize" }, { "conceptId": "question-what-needs-acceptance-instead-of-fight", "relationRole": "orient" }, { "conceptId": "check-the-facts", "relationRole": "orient" }, { "conceptId": "recognizing-emotions", "relationRole": "orient" }, { "conceptId": "cognitive-vulnerability", "relationRole": "understand" }, { "conceptId": "emotion-functions", "relationRole": "understand" }, { "conceptId": "exercise-check-the-facts-worksheet", "relationRole": "apply" }, { "conceptId": "nonjudgmentally", "relationRole": "apply" }, { "conceptId": "radical-acceptance", "relationRole": "apply" }, { "conceptId": "turning-the-mind", "relationRole": "apply" }, { "conceptId": "validation", "relationRole": "apply" } ], "pathSegment": "emotionen" }, { "id": "trauer-verlust", "label": "Grief or loss", "shortLabel": "Grief", "entryType": "emotion", "isDraft": false, "description": "For reactions of loss, depression or painful sadness.", "bodySensation": "Heaviness in the body, fatigue, tightness or pressure in the chest, crying, slow movements, lack of appetite, sleep changes", "impulse": "Withdrawal and isolation, pausing and doing nothing, seeking connection to others, focusing on what has been lost, grieving and letting go", "intensityNotes": "Course often wavy, not linear. Intensity can increase again after days. Frequent periods of emotional numbness between painful waves. Duration from hours to weeks depending on the loss.", "longDescription": { "text": "Grief in DBT is treated as a justified emotion that deserves acknowledgment rather than suppression, but one that can become problematic when it persists beyond functional coping. It differs from depression in that it remains linked to a clear loss event and has a wave-like rather than persistent quality. The relevant skill categories are emotion regulation (especially non-judgmental observing), self-compassion, mindfulness, and radical acceptance for irreversible losses. Opposite action for grief involves re-engaging with meaningful activities, not eliminating sadness. A common mistake is treating grief as a problem to be solved rather than a process to be witnessed — which tends to prolong the emotional difficulty rather than reduce it." }, "preferredNodeIds": [], "conceptLinks": [ { "conceptId": "exercise-opposite-action-worksheet", "relationRole": "apply" }, { "conceptId": "exercise-mindfulness-of-current-emotions-worksheet", "relationRole": "apply" }, { "conceptId": "mindfulness-of-current-emotions", "relationRole": "entry" }, { "conceptId": "check-the-facts", "relationRole": "orient" }, { "conceptId": "opposite-action", "relationRole": "apply" }, { "conceptId": "radical-acceptance", "relationRole": "understand" }, { "conceptId": "self-compassion", "relationRole": "stabilize" }, { "conceptId": "loving-kindness", "relationRole": "stabilize" }, { "conceptId": "emotion-functions", "relationRole": "understand" }, { "conceptId": "please-skills", "relationRole": "prepare" } ], "pathSegment": "emotionen" }, { "id": "beziehung-reparieren", "label": "Repair a Relationship", "shortLabel": "Repair", "entryType": "interpersonal", "isDraft": false, "description": "For de-escalation, reconnection or careful relationship maintenance after tension.", "bodySensation": "Tightness in the chest, stomach clenching when approaching, nervousness or trembling when taking the first step, warmth when reconnecting, exhaustion after prolonged conflict", "impulse": "Apologizing or offering to make amends, seeking closeness or keeping a safe distance, addressing the topic directly or waiting quietly, not wanting to overwhelm the other person, restoring relationship closeness through small signals", "intensityNotes": "Repairs are rarely accomplished in one step. Course from cautious approach to deep processing. Setbacks do not mean failure. The pace and depth must fit the relationship.", "longDescription": { "text": "Relationship repair involves re-establishing trust and connection after rupture, damage, or sustained withdrawal. It differs from conflict resolution in that repair typically follows a breach of relationship integrity — damage to trust or emotional hurt — rather than a discrete disagreement. The relevant skill categories are interpersonal effectiveness (especially GIVE and validation skills), emotion regulation for managing shame or defensive anger when acknowledging one's own contribution to the rupture, and mindfulness for staying present during the repair attempt. The most critical error is attempting repair while still emotionally activated, or making the repair about defending one's own position. Validation skills are often more important than DEAR MAN in repair situations — understanding needs to precede problem-solving." }, "preferredNodeIds": [], "conceptLinks": [ { "conceptId": "give", "relationRole": "apply" }, { "conceptId": "validation", "relationRole": "apply" }, { "conceptId": "give-interested", "relationRole": "apply" }, { "conceptId": "give-validate", "relationRole": "entry" }, { "conceptId": "give-easy-manner", "relationRole": "apply" }, { "conceptId": "mutual-validation", "relationRole": "apply" }, { "conceptId": "other-compassion", "relationRole": "apply" }, { "conceptId": "mindfulness-of-others", "relationRole": "orient" }, { "conceptId": "question-is-this-validation-or-radical-acceptance", "relationRole": "orient" }, { "conceptId": "question-is-this-validation-or-mutual-validation", "relationRole": "orient" }, { "conceptId": "exercise-loving-kindness-worksheet", "relationRole": "apply" }, { "conceptId": "assertive-listening", "relationRole": "apply" }, { "conceptId": "ending-relationships", "relationRole": "orient" }, { "conceptId": "give-gentle", "relationRole": "apply" }, { "conceptId": "loving-kindness", "relationRole": "apply" } ], "bundleLinks": [ { "bundleId": "give", "role": "apply" } ], "pathSegment": "situations" }, { "id": "schuld", "label": "Guilt or guilt feelings", "shortLabel": "Guilt", "entryType": "emotion", "isDraft": false, "description": "For conscience pressure, repair urges, or painful rumination about your own behavior.", "bodySensation": "Pressure in chest or stomach, heavy shoulders, lowered gaze, inner tightness, looping thoughts", "impulse": "Apologize, make repairs, punish yourself, avoid contact, replay the scene again and again", "intensityNotes": "With guilt, the key question is whether there is real responsibility or whether global self-condemnation is being mistaken for guilt. Skills help separate repair from unnecessary self-punishment.", "longDescription": { "text": "Guilt is clinically distinct from shame in DBT: guilt is about behavior, shame is about the whole self. That is why the core question with guilt is not only how strong it feels, but what exactly it refers to. When real responsibility exists, repair matters; when guilt is borrowed, exaggerated, or fused with shame, the work shifts toward check-the-facts, self-compassion, and stopping self-punishment. Common mistakes are endless rumination instead of concrete repair, or apologizing for things that were never fully yours to carry." }, "preferredNodeIds": [], "conceptLinks": [ { "conceptId": "check-the-facts", "relationRole": "orient" }, { "conceptId": "self-compassion", "relationRole": "stabilize" }, { "conceptId": "problem-solving", "relationRole": "apply" }, { "conceptId": "radical-acceptance", "relationRole": "understand" }, { "conceptId": "loving-kindness", "relationRole": "stabilize" }, { "conceptId": "wise-mind", "relationRole": "orient" }, { "conceptId": "mindfulness-of-current-emotions", "relationRole": "entry" }, { "conceptId": "mindfulness-how-skills", "relationRole": "orient" }, { "conceptId": "abc-please-skills", "relationRole": "prepare" } ], "bundleLinks": [ { "bundleId": "mindfulness-how-skills", "role": "orient" }, { "bundleId": "abc-please-skills", "role": "prepare" } ], "pathSegment": "emotionen" }, { "id": "liebe", "label": "Love or connection", "shortLabel": "Love", "entryType": "emotion", "isDraft": false, "description": "For affection, deep connection, warmth, or the wish to care for a relationship intentionally.", "bodySensation": "Warmth in chest and face, softer body tone, openness, emotional tenderness, relaxation with presence", "impulse": "Seek closeness, give, protect, open up, express connection, maintain or deepen the bond", "intensityNotes": "Love can feel soothing and exposing at the same time. Clinically it matters where attachment, boundaries, fear of loss, and self-respect start pulling against each other.", "longDescription": { "text": "Love or deep connection does not only soothe; it almost always increases vulnerability as well. Clinically it matters wherever attachment needs, fear of loss, boundaries, and self-respect become activated at the same time. DBT therefore does not treat love as automatically regulating, but as a state that may require mindfulness, validation, clear limits, and self-compassion. Common errors include fusion instead of connection, self-abandonment out of attachment fear, or controlling behavior driven by fear of loss. Relevant skills include loving kindness, Wise Mind, validation, and any skills that help combine closeness with self-respect." }, "preferredNodeIds": [], "conceptLinks": [ { "conceptId": "loving-kindness", "relationRole": "stabilize" }, { "conceptId": "mindfulness-of-current-emotions", "relationRole": "entry" }, { "conceptId": "wise-mind", "relationRole": "orient" }, { "conceptId": "participate", "relationRole": "apply" }, { "conceptId": "validation", "relationRole": "apply" }, { "conceptId": "self-compassion", "relationRole": "stabilize" }, { "conceptId": "nonjudgmentally", "relationRole": "orient" }, { "conceptId": "give", "relationRole": "apply" }, { "conceptId": "mindfulness-how-skills", "relationRole": "orient" } ], "bundleLinks": [ { "bundleId": "mindfulness-how-skills", "role": "orient" }, { "bundleId": "give", "role": "apply" } ], "pathSegment": "emotionen" } ] }